What are the most common STDs?
Amid public health funding cuts and clinic closures, the three most common sexually transmitted diseases are on the rise as U.S. infections increase.
Houston health officials are warning residents of a syphilis outbreak that is responsible for a 128% increase in cases among women.
The Houston Health Department said it has also led to a nine-fold rise in congenital syphilis in Houston and Harris County.
Statistics indicated that new infections rose by 57%, from 1,845 in 2019 to 2,905 in 2022.
The number of cases among women totaled 674 last year, which is up from 295 in 2019.
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The I-45 running past downtown is shown from the Chase Tower observation floor in Houston on Sept. 7, 2021. (Brett Coomer/Houston Chronicle via Getty Images)
Congenital syphilis rose from 16 cases in 2016 to 151 cases in 2021, the latest year for which statistics are available.
The department said Thursday that it would launch a rapid outreach response to address the issue, including increasing screening opportunities, targeting hotspots and mobilizing community partners to curb new infections.
“It is crucial for pregnant women to seek prenatal care and syphilis testing to protect themselves from an infection that could result in the deaths of their babies,” Marlene McNeese Ward, deputy assistant director in the department’s Bureau of HIV/STI and Viral Hepatitis Prevention, said in a statement. “A pregnant woman needs to get tested for syphilis three times during her pregnancy.”
The department is waiving all clinical fees for sexually transmitted infections at its health centers and expanding the use of its HIV/STD mobile clinic
It is also working with medical providers and collaborating with community-based partners to increase awareness of the outbreak and enhance testing and treatment.
A model of a billboard from the AIDS Healthcare Foundation, which ran in Los Angeles earlier this year but has been rejected to be displayed in many other cities, is seen at the AHF office in Hollywood, California, on May 18, 2018. (FREDERIC J. BROWN/AFP via Getty Images)
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Testing is recommended three times: at a woman’s first prenatal visit, during the third trimester and at delivery.
Untreated syphilis during pregnancy can result in a stillbirth or a baby’s death soon after birth.
Notably, those with syphilis are at increased risk of HIV infection due to the painless sore that develops at the site of sexual contact during the disease’s first stage.
Downtown Houston is seen behind railroad tracks on Sept. 14, 2022. (Brandon Bell/Getty Images)
While syphilis is easily treatable with antibiotics, without treatment, the infection progresses to the secondary stage when one or more areas of the skin break into a rash.
Nevertheless, in most cases, syphilis goes undetected because the signs and symptoms are misinterpreted or unnoticed.
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If untreated, the bacterium that causes syphilis remains in the body and begins to damage the internal organs.
The department recommends syphilis testing for pregnant women at their initial prenatal visit, third trimester and delivery; those who have had unprotected sex, people with multiple sex partners; men with anonymous sex partners; and people recently diagnosed with any other sexually transmitted disease.
